The study backs up what’s long been suspected in the medical community. “Up to now, there was a theoretical risk that snow shoveling can increase heart attack at a population level,” says Dr. Nathalie Auger, assistant clinical professor of social and preventive medicine at the University of Montreal. “With this study, we are now more certain that snowfall is linked with heart attack in individuals.”
To reach this conclusion, Auger and her co-authors gathered reports of 128,073 hospital admissions and 68,155 deaths from heart attack in Quebec from November through April, every year between 1981 and 2014. They also obtained weather information corresponding to the time frames and regions included in the study.
When they compared the medical and weather data, the researchers found that the most dangerous days occurred immediately following snowfalls. About one third of hospital admissions and deaths due to heart attack occurred on these days, and the risk was even stronger after snowfalls that lasted two to three days.
About 60% of the heart attack cases in the study were in men. On days after snowfalls, men had increased relative risks of being admitted to the hospital or dying—16% and 34%, respectively—compared to other days during the study period. This pattern was true regardless of age, cardiovascular risk factors and other health conditions.
Women, on the other hand, did not appear to be at higher risk after snowfalls than on other days.
Auger says that the findings should be a reminder that people need to be concerned about potential cardiovascular risks, in addition to snow-related falls and automobile accidents. “Snow shovelingthis link opens in a new tab is very challenging for the heart, and you should be aware that shoveling is can be a real strain, especially if you overdo it,” she says.
Men who are older or not in top cardiovascular shape should avoid shoveling if they can, she adds, or may want to use a lightweight or ergonomically designed shovel. “If you can’t find someone who’s physically fit to shovel for you, try to be more careful and don’t push yourself too hard,” she adds.
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