Heart failure is diagnosed when the heart loses pumping power, usually causing widespread swelling, shortness of breath, and fatigue. Mark Herpel, 49, describes the feeling as "having your head held under a pool, but you can't get to the surface so you begin to panic." The National Heart, Blood, and Lung Institute categorizes the two types of heart failure as follows.
Systolic: This occurs when the heart's ability to contract decreases. The heart cannot pump with enough force to push a sufficient amount of blood into the circulation. Blood coming into the heart from the lungs may back up and cause fluid to leak into the lungs, a condition known as pulmonary congestion.
Diastolic: This occurs when the heart has a problem relaxing. It cannot properly fill with blood because the muscle has become stiff, losing its ability to relax. This form may lead to fluid accumulation, especially in the feet, ankles, and legs. Some patients may have lung congestion.
The body shuts down
Ron Gordon, 52, of Avondale, Ga., knew his poor eating habits and lack of exercise weren't good for his heart, but he never expected to be diagnosed with heart failure. He went to the doctor complaining that he felt his body was choking him to death. "It turns out my whole body was shutting down" he says, adding that his cardiologist told him his heart was pumping at 3% capacity (healthy hearts beat at about 50%). "Later I found that even my thinking was affected because my heart rate was so low."
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