The lawsuit, which was filed in California court last Friday, argues that Facebook needs to do more to protect moderators who are tasked with viewing thousands of images and videos of “rapes, suicides, beheadings, and other killings,” according to the New York Times. Scola worked on behalf of Facebook for nine months, and her lawsuit alleges that she developed PTSD that was set off “when she touches a computer mouse, enters a cold building, watches violence on television, hears loud noises, or is startled.”
Because PTSD is usually discussed in terms of people who have experienced violence or distress themselves, this case made us wonder: Is it really possible to be traumatized, long-term, by something that didn’t happen to you directly? We spoke with experts who diagnose and treat patients with PTSD—and studied the disorder’s official criteria—to find out.
How is PTSD defined?
PTSD is a disorder that develops in some people who have gone through a traumatic experience, says Sandy Capaldi, PsyD, associate director of Penn Medicine’s Center for the Treatment and Study of Anxiety. “It’s unique in that PTSD is the only kind of psychological disorder where there is this criteria that something needs to have happened previously,” Capaldi says. “With other conditions, like major depressive disorder or panic disorder, there’s no previous life event that has to have occurred.”
But not everyone who experiences trauma develops PTSD. “In order for it to be PTSD, the person has to also meet the other criteria and have certain symptoms,” says Capaldi. For example, they have to have upsetting memories, nightmares, or flashbacks, or they have to have emotional distress or physical reactions when they're reminded of their trauma.
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